Hepatitis Serology Interpretation

Hepatitis B serology interpretation

MarkerMeaning
HBsAg (Hepatitis B surface antigen)Positive = current infection (acute or chronic)
Anti-HBs (Hepatitis B surface antibody)≥10 IU/L = immunity (from past infection or vaccination)
Anti-HBc (Hepatitis B core antibody)Indicates previous or current infection (not from vaccine)
IgM anti-HBcSuggests recent/acute infection
HBeAg (Hepatitis B e antigen)Indicates active viral replication and infectivity
Anti-HBeSuggests lower infectivity; seroconversion from HBeAg

Examples:

  • HBsAg positive, anti-HBc positive, IgM anti-HBc positive = acute infection
  • HBsAg positive >6 months, anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs negative = chronic infection
  • HBsAg negative, anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs positive = resolved past infection
  • HBsAg negative, anti-HBs positive only = vaccinated

Hepatitis C serology interpretation

TestMeaning
Anti-HCV antibodiesPast or current exposure; not necessarily active infection
HCV RNA (PCR)Confirms active infection
HCV genotypeUsed for treatment planning if RNA positive
  • If Anti-HCV positive, check HCV RNA to confirm ongoing infection.
  • If HCV RNA negative, may be resolved past infection or false positive.

Hepatitis A serology interpretation

TestMeaning
Anti-HAV IgMIndicates recent or acute infection
Anti-HAV IgGIndicates past infection or immunity from vaccinatio

References